How does human activity influence geological stability?

Human activity influences geological stability primarily by altering the stress on fault lines. Activities such as mining, construction, and extensive groundwater extraction can change the distribution of masses and pressures within the Earth's crust. For instance, large-scale excavation can lead to an increase in stress on nearby faults, which may promote seismic activity.

Additionally, the injection of fluids into the ground for purposes like hydraulic fracturing (fracking) or waste disposal can also increase pore pressure in the rock, reducing the friction along faults and potentially triggering earthquakes. By modifying the equilibrium and stress conditions in the subsurface, human activities can directly impact the stability of geological structures.

The other potential influences listed do not directly connect to how human actions affect geological stability in a significant manner, maintaining the focus on the geological processes relevant to tectonic activity.