What does the theory of plate tectonics explain?

The theory of plate tectonics primarily explains the movement of tectonic plates, which are large sections of the Earth's lithosphere that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere beneath them. This theory accounts for the various geological phenomena observed on Earth, such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountain ranges, all resulting from the interactions and movements of these plates.

The concept of plate tectonics highlights how the Earth's surface is not static; instead, it is dynamic and constantly changing due to the movement of these plates. This movement can be caused by various forces, including mantle convection, slab pull, and ridge push. As a result, the theory provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the geological processes and events that shape the planet over geological time.

In contrast, while the distribution of plants and animals is influenced by geological processes and plate movements, it is not directly explained by the theory of plate tectonics. The formation of the Earth's core and the water cycle pertain to different areas of Earth sciences and are not covered by the plate tectonics theory.