What primarily causes the geological features in areas impacted by plate tectonics?

The geological features in areas impacted by plate tectonics are primarily formed due to earthquakes and volcanic activity. When tectonic plates move, they can collide, separate, or slide past one another, leading to various phenomena.

Earthquakes result from the stress and strain that accumulate in the Earth's crust as tectonic plates interact. When the stress is released, it can produce seismic waves that create faults and other geological formations, such as mountain ranges.

Volcanic activity occurs as magma rises to the Earth's surface, often as a result of tectonic plate movement creating areas of melting in the mantle or adding pressure in volcanic regions. The eruption of volcanoes adds materials like ash, lava, and gases to the surface, contributing significantly to the landscape's evolution, such as forming volcanic mountains, islands, or plateaus.

While glacial movements, weather patterns, ocean currents, and human activities can lead to changes in the landscape, they do not directly influence the fundamental structure caused by the movement of tectonic plates.